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The Monastery of Mor Gabriel

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The Monastery of Mor Gabriel, historically near the village of Qartmin and presently located 22 kilometers S-E of city of Midyat (Mardin Prov.), is the seat of the bishop of Ṭūr ‘Abdīn. It is a large monastery with buildings dating to various periods. The foundation myth of the monastery, in the hagiographic text named “Qartmin Trilogy”, claims that the Monastery of Mor Gabriel was founded in 397 CE. The Trilogy, mentions several early acts of imperial patronage in the reigns of Honorius, Arcadius, and Theodosius II, which are still difficult to confirm. Nevertheless, most of the surviving Late Antique evidence from the monastery (as for the impressive wall-mosaics and the opus sectile pavement) bears strong architectural similarities with other structures built by Anastasius as part of his constructive program focused on the city of Dara Anastasiopolis, and its surroundings, in the early sixth century.  This, indeed, drew a large number of skilled workmen in the region. Therefore, the archaeologist Elif Keser-Kayaalp argues that the patronage of the Emperor Anastasius is highly plausible, and that we should rely on the date of 512 CE offered by the Qartmin Trilogy for the building of the main church of the monastery, though there are evidence that a religious complex already existed before that (Keser Kayaalp, Elif. Church Architecture of Late Antique Northern Mesopotamia. Oxford Studies in Byzantium. Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, 2021: 208).